Category: Electronic Evidence

Trading Shadows: Money Laundering & Insider Deals in the Metaverse’s Legal Void

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-Advait Sharma and Bhadra Anil “In a world coded without consequence, shadows become the currency and silence the law.”  Introduction In any society where substantial transactions occur, be it in markets, industries, or the virtual world, in the absence of robust regulatory oversight, crime inevitably concurs to exploit the system or leverage it for greater … Continue reading Trading Shadows: Money Laundering & Insider Deals in the Metaverse’s Legal Void

The Authenticity Challenge: Addressing the Concern of Producing Deepfake Generated Media as Evidence in Courts

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- Rohan Mishra Introduction The most common phenomenon is ‘seeing is believing’ or ‘what you see is what you will believe’ - but for how long we can rely upon this theory? As society grows with modern day technological advancement, people put a lot of probative weight to digital content such as images and videos. … Continue reading The Authenticity Challenge: Addressing the Concern of Producing Deepfake Generated Media as Evidence in Courts

Digital Platforms and Dirty Money:  Addressing Financial Non-Regulation within Social Media Platforms

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-Tanya Sara George Introduction As per a 2024 FATF report, most domestic money laundering operations are conducted through open sources and social media networks. Initially designed as neutral forums for communication under Section 2(w) of the IT Act of 2000, these platforms have evolved into dual-purpose entities, facilitating not just digital interactions but financial transactions. … Continue reading Digital Platforms and Dirty Money:  Addressing Financial Non-Regulation within Social Media Platforms

Envisioning admissibility of wearable devices in Indian Courts

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Rishabh Saumya and Gayatri Singh Introduction The leap of technology from our desk to our wrist is quite remarkable. From measuring our heartbeat to calculating our footsteps, wearable devices, gradually, are becoming an essential fitness accessory among health-conscious folks. These activity tracking devices are equipped with wearable technology and are marketed for their health tracking … Continue reading Envisioning admissibility of wearable devices in Indian Courts

Preservation of Evidence: Need of our Criminal Justice System

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-By Mujeeb Ur Rehman “A person is innocent until proven guilty” This is one of the most sacred principles of the criminal justice system, regardless of jurisdiction of which it belongs to; and in order to prove any person guilty, evidence against him/her is a mandatory requirement. Here the criminal justice system fails to believe … Continue reading Preservation of Evidence: Need of our Criminal Justice System

Sting Operations In India: Reliably Admissible?

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By- Aditya Kumar Singh The Indian Evidence Act, 1872 has a strict distinction between fact and evidence, and for any document, electronic record, or oral testimony to become evidence and be considered during the final adjudication, it has to first satisfy three pre-conditions in evidence law, which can be formulated and structured as three doors … Continue reading Sting Operations In India: Reliably Admissible?

CCTV footage: A silent witness

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By Prachi Agarwal Abstract This article deals with some basic concept of identification of an accused person. Firstly, the author here is trying to elaborate on the importance of identification of accused person with reference to Section 9 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (hereinafter referred to as “IEA”). Sometimes the crimes are committed under … Continue reading CCTV footage: A silent witness

The Nuances of Search and Seizure of Electronic Evidence: What Are the Components Involved?

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By Anurag Mohan Bhatnagar and Manvendra Shekhawat Introduction We live in an era in which, almost every crime has an electronic component involved, and be it a computer or mobile phones or even a small SD Card. Mobile phones, laptops, computers can be used for carrying out crime and can further be helpful for investigating … Continue reading The Nuances of Search and Seizure of Electronic Evidence: What Are the Components Involved?

Mobile Phones and Criminal Investigations

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By Abhinav Sekhri [This post first appeared on the author's blog, 'The Proof of Guilt'.] I've put out a short primer/paper (made with friends) explaining the basics about mobile phones and criminal investigations. This is meant to help convey the legal issues that arise in the context of the following: (i) seizure of a phone by … Continue reading Mobile Phones and Criminal Investigations

The Conundrum of Certification of the Electronic Evidence

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By Ayush Mishra Introduction The Supreme Court recently referred the question of ‘requirement of certificate under §65B(4) of the Indian Evidence Act,1872 being mandatory for production of electronic evidence’ to a larger bench.[1] The issue at hand is that the Supreme Court in Shafhi Mohammad vs. State of Himachal Pradesh (2018), held that the “requirement of … Continue reading The Conundrum of Certification of the Electronic Evidence